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? What is science
The words ‘science’ and ‘scientist’ are surprisingly modern inventions. The word ‘scientist’ was coined by the Victorian polymath William Whewell, who used it in the Quarterly Review in March 1834. The Americans accepted and used the word almost immediately, and by the end of the century it was also popular in Britain.
The word ‘science’ in the English-speaking world was not always so designated. The Oxford English Dictionary proffers thefollowing homophones:
Sienz,ciens, cience, siens, syence, syense, scyence, scyense, scyens, science,sciens, and scians.
All derive from the Latin scientia,which mean ‘knowledge’, and it supplanted other terms such as ‘natural philosopher’.
But no one construes “science” merely as knowledge. It is thought of rather as knowledge hard won, in which we have much more confidence than we have in opinion, hearsay, or popular sayings.
The history of the word and the changes in its meanings need to be studied carefully to be able to distinguish between the implied different meanings and be able to differentiate between science, knowledge, and information.
Here is a selection of quotations about Science:
S1) Science is organized knowledge
Herbert Spencer (1820-1903), English philosopher
S2) Science is the great antidote to the poison of enthusiasm and superstition
Adam Smith ( 1723-1790), Scottish economist
S3) Science is what you know. Philosophy is what you do not know.
Bertrand Russell (1892-1970), English philosopher
S4) Science is a series of judgments, revised without ceasing
Pierre Emile Duclaux (1840-1904), French bacteriologist
S5) Science is the desire to know causes
William Hazlitt ( 1778-1830), English essayist
S6) Science is the knowledge of consequences, and dependence of one fact upon another
Thomas Hobbes ( 1588-1679), English philosopher
S7) Science is an imaginative adventure of the mind seeking truth in a world of mystery
Cyril Herman Hinshelwood ( 1897-1967), English Chemist
S8) Science is a great game. It is inspiring and refreshing. The playing field is the universe itself.
Isidor Isaac Rabi(1898-1988), American physicist
S9) Man masters nature not by force but by understanding. This is why science has succeeded where magic failed: because it has looked for no spell to cast over nature.
Jacob Bronowski(1908-1974),British scientist and author
S10) The essence of science is to ask an impertinent question and you are on the way to a pertinent answer.
Jacob Bronowski(1908-1974), British scientist and author
S11) In essence, science is perpetual search for an intelligent and integrated comprehension of the world we live in.
Cornelius Van Neil (1897-1985), American microbiologist.
S12) The scientist is not a person who gives the right answers, he is one who asks the write questions
Claude Levi-Strauss (November 1908 – October2009) , French anthropologist
S13) Truth in science can best be defined as the working hypothesis best suited to open the way to the next better one.
Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989), Austrian zoologist
S14) Science can only ascertain what is, but not what should be, and outside of its domain value judgments of all kinds remain necessary
Albert Einstein (1979-1955), German physicist
S15) Science is the disinterested search for the objective truth about the material world
Richard Dawkins (1941- ), English biologist
S16) Science is nothing but trained and organized common sense differing from the latter only as aveteran may differ from a raw recruit; and its methods differ from those of common sense only as far as the guardsman’s cut and thrust differ from the manner in which a savage wields his club
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-95), English biologist
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